Soft tissue sarcoma is a type of cancer that originates in the soft tissues of the body. Soft tissues include muscles, tendons, fat, blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissues that support and surround organs. Sarcomas are a diverse group of tumors that specifically arise from the cells of these soft tissues.
Soft tissue sarcomas can occur in any part of the body, although they most commonly develop in the extremities, such as arms or legs. They can also form in the abdomen, trunk, head, and neck. These tumors are usually painless, growing slowly and often without noticeable symptoms in the early stages. As the tumor progresses, it can cause pain, swelling, or a mass or lump in the affected area.
Soft tissue sarcomas are categorized based on the specific type of tissue from which they originate. There are over 50 different subtypes of soft tissue sarcomas, each with its own unique features and characteristics. Some common types include liposarcoma (develops in fat tissue), leiomyosarcoma (muscle), and fibrosarcoma (fibrous tissue).
Diagnosis of soft tissue sarcoma involves a combination of imaging tests, such as MRI or CT scans, biopsy, and analysis of the tumor tissue to determine its subtype and grade. Treatment options depend on factors like the tumor's size, location, stage, and the individual's overall health. Standard treatment modalities include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapies. The goal of treatment is to remove or shrink the tumor, prevent its spread to other parts of the body, and preserve optimal functioning and quality of life for the patient.
