Balloon dilatation coronary artery, also known as percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) or balloon angioplasty, is a medical procedure used to treat narrowing or blockages in the coronary arteries.
The coronary arteries are responsible for supplying blood to the heart muscles. However, over time, fatty deposits called plaques can build up on the walls of these arteries, resulting in the narrowing of the blood vessels and reduced blood flow to the heart. This condition, known as coronary artery disease, can lead to chest pain (angina) or even heart attacks.
Balloon dilatation coronary artery is performed using a long, flexible tube called a catheter, which is inserted into a blood vessel in the arm or groin and threaded up to the coronary arteries. The catheter has a deflated balloon attached to its tip. Once the catheter reaches the narrowed or blocked portion of the artery, the balloon is inflated, pushing the plaque against the arterial walls and widening the vessel.
The inflation of the balloon compresses the plaque, and in some cases, it may also cause the inner lining of the artery to tear. The pressure exerted by the balloon helps to restore normal blood flow through the artery. After the balloon is deflated, it is carefully removed along with the catheter.
Balloon dilatation coronary artery is often followed by the insertion of a stent, a tiny mesh-like device that helps keep the artery open. This procedure, known as coronary stenting, further improves the blood flow and reduces the chances of recurrent blockages.
Overall, balloon dilatation coronary artery acts as a minimally invasive technique to relieve the symptoms of coronary artery disease and improve the overall circulation to the heart muscles.
