Pronunciation: [sˈa͡ɪlɛks] (IPA) 
Silex is a term used in geology and mineralogy to refer to a hard form of flint rock. The word is spelled with a "s" sound followed by a short "i" sound as in "sit", then "l" and "e" sounds, and lastly a "ks" sound. Using IPA phonetic transcription, the word can be spelled as /ˈsaɪlɛks/. This word has its roots in Latin, where it means "flint", and is used to describe any form of silica-based minerals in their hardest forms.
Silex, also known as flint, is a sedimentary rock composed primarily of microcrystalline quartz. Its name originates from the Latin word "silex," meaning flintstone or hard rock. Silex is commonly found in dense nodules or layers within limestone or chalk formations.
This type of rock is known for its distinctive properties, such as its hardness, durability, and conchoidal fracture, which means it breaks along smooth, curved surfaces. The sedimentary nature of silex is attributed to the accumulation of silica-rich remains of marine organisms, such as sponge spicules or diatoms, over millions of years.
Historically, silex has been highly valued for its ability to produce sparks when struck against steel or other hard objects. This unique property made it a crucial tool for early humans, who used it to create fire. Flintknapping, the process of shaping silex into tools or weapons through controlled chipping and pressure fracturing, was a significant advancement in human technological development.
In addition to its importance in prehistoric times, silex continues to have various applications in modern society. It is commonly utilized in the production of stone tools, as well as in the manufacturing of glass, ceramics, and abrasives. Silex is also frequently used as filler material in construction products, such as concrete and plaster.
In chem., the earth of flints; a substance constituting the characteristic ingredient of a great variety of minerals, such as rock-crystal, quartz, and flint which is almost pure silex.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
The word "silex" has its roots in Latin. It comes from the Latin word "silex", which means "flint" or "hard stone". Flint is a type of sedimentary rock composed mainly of silica. The Latin term "silex" itself may have originated from the Proto-Indo-European root "*silh₃-" meaning "to strike", referring to the practice of striking flint to produce sparks for fire. Over time, the word "silex" has been borrowed into various languages, including English, with its meaning of flint or hard stone retained.
